How do can we classify what is a word? For exmaple in the following sentence

\[\text{I lost all believe, that we are on the right path.}\]

We can state that we have 12 words, but we also must account for punctuation and identify in english grammer what are punctuations \([? , ; !]\). Words also have to be able to indentified from different languages and semantics what classifies a word. Not only do we need to classify words in other languages but now also different notations in mathematics and symbols like emojies and special characters.

We often dont need to look at the entire word and instead can look at subwords to be able to understand a whole word. Once we can start with subwords we an look a object like morphemes and characters

Morphemes